Biden and the Department of Justice
On the Road to Justice
After a denial of the youth’s petition to rehear their landmark constitutional climate lawsuit en banc, in March 2021, the youth plaintiffs in Juliana v. United States, including eleven Black, Brown, and Indigenous youth, requested to amend their complaint in the U.S. District Court to revise their requested relief to address the concern raised in the Ninth Circuit’s opinion. The youth plaintiffs currently seek a declaration of their constitutional rights and a declaration that the U.S. national energy system is unconstitutional.
Since President Biden took office, the Juliana plaintiffs’ attorneys made multiple requests to the Department of Justice (DOJ) for a meeting of the parties to discuss the Biden administration’s position in the case and to discuss potential resolutions of the case, but they did not receive a response. At a scheduling conference on May 13, 2021, the District Court judge stressed that all three branches of government need to work together to address the climate crisis and ordered the parties to engage in settlement discussions.
Oral argument on the motion to amend was held on June 25, 2021. In June, 18 Republican Attorneys General sought intervention to obstruct any potential settlement and to oppose the youth plaintiffs’ motion for leave to amend their complaint. On July 6, 2021, six Attorneys General from New York, Delaware, Hawai‘i, Minnesota, Oregon, and Vermont, filed an amicus brief in support of the case.
On November 1, 2021, settlement talks between the youth plaintiffs and the DOJ ended without resolution. Despite good faith efforts on the part of the youth plaintiffs, they saw no reason to continue to pursue settlement discussions since the decision-makers for the federal defendants did not come to the settlement table. The judge denied the request to intervene filed by the Republican Attorneys General and granted the amicus brief filed by the other six Attorneys General on March 14, 2023.
On June 1, 2023, U.S. District Court Judge Ann Aiken, of the U.S. District Court in Oregon, granted the young plaintiffs’ motion to amend their complaint, putting their case back on track to trial where the evidence of their government’s conduct that is causing the climate crisis and violating their constitutional rights will be heard in open court.
However, despite a different administration, the DOJ is still set on closing the courthouse doors on the youth plaintiffs. On June 22, 2023, the DOJ filed yet another motion to dismiss the Juliana case and asked Judge Aiken to certify her forthcoming order on the motion to dismiss for interlocutory appeal, an anticipatory request. Then, on July 7, 2023, the DOJ filed a motion to stay litigation, as well as requested that Judge Aiken certify her June 1 ruling for interlocutory appeal.
A Pathway for the Biden Administration in Juliana
Juliana became one of the most significant targets of the Trump administration’s “shadow docket,” seeking to have cases decided by the Supreme Court before trial and without factual records. The Biden administration is now the third administration to be defendants in the case. Instead of fighting the youth and the public interest, the Biden administration should change the DOJ’s previous scorched earth approach to Juliana, stand for the constitutional rights of children, and work with the youth to come to a sensible resolution based on technically and economically feasible solutions to the climate crisis.
The Biden administration and DOJ can remedy this injustice by immediately reversing the unsupported legal position of Trump’s DOJ and recognize that a declaration of constitutional rights is well within the Article III authority of federal courts and the 1934 Declaratory Judgment Act passed by Congress and that such a declaration suffices to establish redressability.
Judge Aiken wrote in her decision:
“It is a foundational doctrine that when government conduct catastrophically harms American citizens, the judiciary is constitutionally required to perform its independent role and determine whether the challenged conduct, not exclusively committed to any branch by the Constitution, is unconstitutional.”
President Biden declared that climate change is the “number one issue facing humanity” and that tackling the climate crisis is his top priority. He told children their government will now work for them. Until the courts declare that youth have fundamental rights that the government is infringing by causing climate change, youth and all humanity will face ever more threatening climate chaos. The futures of these youth plaintiffs and of children across the United States and the globe, depend on the President following through on executive orders and policies promising to address climate injustice and the climate crisis. The Biden administration has an urgent and timely opportunity to resolve Plaintiffs’ claims and grant them the justice they seek.
What Congress and Organizations are Doing to Support Juliana
Take Action Now and Tell the Department of Justice: Let The Youth Be Heard!
As an organization, there are several things you can do to support the 21 youth plaintiffs and urge the DOJ to end its opposition to their case proceeding to trial.
Tell the Biden Administration and the DOJ: GO TO TRIAL.
It takes just one minute to submit this pre-filled email form that goes directly to Biden officials and the DOJ. Feel free to use your own words in the email. The People vs. Fossil Fuels coalition, consisting of more than 1,200 organizations fighting for climate, racial, and environmental justice, in coordination with Our Children’s Trust, is once again joining the Juliana 21 by hosting this critical action.
2023 Petition to the Department of Justice
The People vs. Fossil Fuels coalition, sponsored an online petition, urging the DOJ to stop its delay tactics that have shut the courthouse doors on these young Americans again and again, blocking their access to justice. On June 21, 2023, the petition was digitally delivered to the DOJ, by John Beard, Founder and CEO of the Port Arthur Community Action Network, and youth leader Zanagee Artis, Founder and Executive Director of Zero Hour, on behalf of the coalition, 255+ leading organizations, and over 50,000 individuals across the country and around the world!
See the delivered petition here.
Read the joint Our Children’s Trust and People vs. Fossil Fuels press release on the petition delivery here.
Check out the 258 original sponsors of the petition, including leading climate, public health, children’s, legal, minority-led, business, faith, human rights, and environmental justice organizations: Amnesty International USA, Center for Biological Diversity, GreenFaith, GreenLatinos, Food & Water Watch, Friends of the Earth, Hip Hop Caucus, Physicians for Social Responsibility, Port Arthur Community Action Network, Sunrise Movement, Women's Earth and Climate Action Network, and Zero Hour.
Here is a brief video statement from John.
And here is Zanagee sharing why he signed and co-delivered this petition to the Attorney General Garland and DOJ.
Learn more on ways organizations can support the youth plaintiffs by visiting here.
2021 Letters to President Biden and the Department of Justice
On November 18, 2021, nearly 50 members of Congress and 167 organizations expressed their solidarity with the Juliana 21 in member-led letters to President Biden and the U.S. Department of Justice, respectively. Read the press release here.
Pleas from the Senate and House of Representatives to President Biden
Led by Senator Jeff Merkley (D-OR) of the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works and former Representative Mondaire Jones (D-NY) of the House Committee on the Judiciary, two letters were sent from 9 Senators and 39 Representatives to President Biden in support of the fundamental rights of children to a safe climate and the Juliana plaintiffs.
Senators in their letter noted that this is an opportunity for the “federal government to align itself with its expressed commitment to address climate change on behalf of our youngest citizens and future generations,” and they urged President Biden “to carefully review any appropriate programmatic and executive options that he has available across his Administration to make progress…”
Similarly, Representatives in their letter expressed that they believe the United States’ position should be brought in line with the Biden Administration’s stated goals and executive orders addressing the climate crisis and issues of environmental injustice. The Representatives wrote that they hope the defendant agencies within the Biden Administration and the Department of Justice will work with the Juliana youth to fulfill their commitment to “listen to science” and act with a “Government-wide approach.”
To Learn More:
Here is a brief video statement from Bill McKibben:
Pleas from 167 Leading Organizations to the Department of Justice
Bill McKibben, co-founder of 350.org and Third Act, and Jerome Foster II, youth climate activist, Executive Director of OneMillionofUs and the youngest member of the White House Environmental Justice Advisory Council, delivered a separate letter on November 18th directly to the Department of Justice. The letter, sent on behalf of 167 leading advocacy organizations, expressed solidarity with the Juliana plaintiffs and urged the DOJ “to reverse its legal position in the Juliana case, pursue settlement discussions in good faith, and if those discussions do not achieve a resolution, allow the youth plaintiffs their day in court.” Read the organizational letter here and press release here.
And here is Jerome Foster II sharing why he signed and co-delivered this letter to the DOJ:
signatories to the organizational letter to the doj
We are grateful for the sign-ons to the letter from leading climate, public health, children’s, legal, environmental justice, labor, human rights, minority-led, business, faith, farmers, and educational organizations. Check-out the list of 167 signatories here.
Alliance for Climate Education
Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments
American Sustainable Business Council
Athens County's Future Action Network
Atlantic Coast Conference Climate Justice Coalition
Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE)
Businesses for a Livable Climate
CA Businesses for a Livable Climate
Center for Biological Diversity
Central Florida Progressive Democrats of America
Chesapeake Climate Action Network
Children's Environmental Health Network
Church Women United in New York State
Climate Generation: A Will Steger Legacy
Climate Justice at Boston College
Climate Reality Project Dallas Fort Worth Chapter
CO Businesses for a Livable Climate
Colorado Small Business Coalition
Dayenu: A Jewish Call to Climate Action
Delaware Electric Vehicle Association
Edmonds Unitarian Universalist Congregation
Elders Climate Action - Arizona Chapter
Environmental Data & Governance Initiative
Environmental Historians Action Collaborative
Environmental Justice Ministry Cedar Lane Unitarian Universalist Church
Extinction Rebellion San Francisco Bay Area
Extinction Rebellion Youth United States
Fayetteville Police Accountability Community Taskforce
Fort Collins Sustainability Group
Fresh Water Accountability Project
Glen Echo Heights Mobilization
Global Warming Education Network (GWEN)
Greater Highland Area Concerned Citizens
Greenbelt Climate Action Network
Green House Connection Center
Hawai'i Institute for Human Rights
Hawaiʻi Youth Climate Coalition
HBS/Harvard Alumni for Climate Action
I-70 Citizens Advisory Group
Interfaith Moral Action on Climate
International Indigenous Youth Council, Los Angeles
Labor Network for Sustainability
Long Beach Environmental Alliance
Maine Youth for Climate Justice
Minnesota Democratic Farmer and Labor Party Environmental Caucus
Montbello Neighborhood Improvement Association
Multi-Faith Network for Climate Justice
Muslim Delegates and Allies Coalition
NO RIGHTS/NO AID
North American Climate, Conservation and Environment(NACCE)
North Range Concerned Citizens
Physicians for Social Responsibility- Pennsylvania
San Luis Valley Ecosystem Council
Science & Environmental Health Network
Sisters of Mercy of the Americas Justice Team
South Asian Fund For Education, Scholarship and training Inc
Southwest Environmental Center
System Change Not Climate Change
350 Conejo / San Fernando Valley
350 Ventura County Climate Hub
Thrive_At_Life: Working Solutions
Unitarian Universalists for a Just Economic Community
Unitarian Universalist Justice Ohio
Unitarian Universalist Service Committee
Unitarian Universalists for Social Justice
Unite North Metro Denver
next steps
If you are an individual or an organization, contact your legislators and show your support! More details on how to stand with the Juliana plaintiffs can be found here.
If you are a legislator, learn more about how you can support the Juliana 21, here.
Learn more about the Juliana v. United States plaintiffs by reading their bios and watching two short videos: a visit to Congress in this video from the Years Project and this 60 minutes segment.
Questions? Contact Liz Lee at liz@ourchildrenstrust.org for more information.